package Travel::Status::DE::DBWagenreihung; use strict; use warnings; use 5.020; use utf8; use parent 'Class::Accessor'; use Carp qw(cluck confess); use JSON; use List::Util qw(uniq); use LWP::UserAgent; use Travel::Status::DE::DBWagenreihung::Group; use Travel::Status::DE::DBWagenreihung::Sector; use Travel::Status::DE::DBWagenreihung::Carriage; our $VERSION = '0.16'; Travel::Status::DE::DBWagenreihung->mk_ro_accessors( qw(direction platform train_type)); # {{{ Constructors sub new { my ( $class, %opt ) = @_; if ( not $opt{train_number} and not $opt{from_json} ) { confess('train_number option must be set'); } if ( not $opt{departure} and not $opt{from_json} ) { confess('departure option must be set'); } my $self = { api_base => 'https://www.bahn.de/web/api/reisebegleitung/wagenreihung/vehicle-sequence', developer_mode => $opt{developer_mode}, cache => $opt{cache}, departure => $opt{departure}, eva => $opt{eva}, from_json => $opt{from_json}, json => JSON->new, train_type => $opt{train_type}, train_number => $opt{train_number}, user_agent => $opt{user_agent}, }; bless( $self, $class ); if ( not $self->{user_agent} ) { my %lwp_options = %{ $opt{lwp_options} // { timeout => 10 } }; $self->{user_agent} = LWP::UserAgent->new(%lwp_options); $self->{user_agent}->env_proxy; } $self->get_wagonorder; return $self; } sub get_wagonorder { my ($self) = @_; my $api_base = $self->{api_base}; my $cache = $self->{cache}; my $eva = $self->{eva}; my $train_type = $self->{train_type}; my $train_number = $self->{train_number}; my $json = $self->{from_json}; if ( not $json ) { my $datetime = $self->{departure}->clone->set_time_zone('UTC'); my $date = $datetime->strftime('%Y-%m-%d'); my $time = $datetime->rfc3339 =~ s{(?=Z)}{.000}r; $self->{param} = { administrationId => 80, category => $train_type, date => $date, evaNumber => $eva, number => $train_number, time => $time }; my ( $content, $err ) = $self->get_with_cache( $cache, $api_base . '?' . join( '&', map { $_ . '=' . $self->{param}{$_} } keys %{ $self->{param} } ) ); if ($err) { $self->{errstr} = "Failed to fetch station data: $err"; return; } $json = $self->{from_json} = $self->{json}->utf8->decode($content); } if ( exists $json->{error} ) { $self->{errstr} = 'Backend error: ' . $json->{error}{msg}; return; } if ( not $json->{departureID} ) { $self->{errstr} = 'No carriage formation available'; return; } return $self->parse_wagonorder; } # }}} # {{{ Internal Helpers sub get_with_cache { my ( $self, $cache, $url ) = @_; if ( $self->{developer_mode} ) { say "GET $url"; } if ($cache) { my $content = $cache->thaw($url); if ($content) { if ( $self->{developer_mode} ) { say ' cache hit'; } return ( ${$content}, undef ); } } if ( $self->{developer_mode} ) { say ' cache miss'; } my $ua = $self->{user_agent}; my $res = $ua->get($url); if ( $res->is_error ) { return ( undef, $res->status_line ); } my $content = $res->decoded_content; if ($cache) { $cache->freeze( $url, \$content ); } return ( $content, undef ); } sub parse_wagonorder { my ($self) = @_; $self->{platform} = $self->{from_json}{departurePlatform}; $self->{platform_sched} = $self->{from_json}{departurePlatformSchedule}; $self->parse_carriages; $self->{destinations} = $self->merge_group_attr('destination'); $self->{train_numbers} = $self->merge_group_attr('train_no'); $self->{trains} = $self->merge_group_attr('train'); } sub merge_group_attr { my ( $self, $attr ) = @_; my @attrs; my %attr_to_group; my %attr_to_sectors; for my $group ( $self->groups ) { push( @attrs, $group->{$attr} ); push( @{ $attr_to_group{ $group->{$attr} } }, $group ); push( @{ $attr_to_sectors{ $group->{$attr} } }, $group->sectors ); } @attrs = uniq @attrs; return [ map { { name => $_, groups => $attr_to_group{$_}, sectors => $attr_to_sectors{$_} } } @attrs ]; } sub parse_carriages { my ($self) = @_; my $platform_length = $self->{from_json}{platform}{end} - $self->{from_json}{platform}{start}; for my $sector ( @{ $self->{from_json}{platform}{sectors} } ) { push( @{ $self->{sectors} }, Travel::Status::DE::DBWagenreihung::Sector->new( json => $sector, platform => { start => $self->{from_json}{platform}{start}, end => $self->{from_json}{platform}{end}, } ) ); } my @groups; my @numbers; for my $group ( @{ $self->{from_json}{groups} // [] } ) { my @group_carriages; for my $carriage ( @{ $group->{vehicles} // [] } ) { my $carriage_object = Travel::Status::DE::DBWagenreihung::Carriage->new( json => $carriage, platform => { start => $self->{from_json}{platform}{start}, end => $self->{from_json}{platform}{end}, } ); push( @group_carriages, $carriage_object ); push( @{ $self->{carriages} }, $carriage_object ); } @group_carriages = sort { $a->start_percent <=> $b->start_percent } @group_carriages; my $group_obj = Travel::Status::DE::DBWagenreihung::Group->new( json => $group, carriages => \@group_carriages, ); push( @groups, $group_obj ); push( @numbers, $group_obj->train_no ); } @groups = sort { $a->start_percent <=> $b->start_percent } @groups; @numbers = uniq @numbers; $self->{train_numbers} = \@numbers; if ( @{ $self->{carriages} // [] } > 1 ) { if ( $self->{carriages}[0]->{start_percent} > $self->{carriages}[-1]->{start_percent} ) { $self->{direction} = 100; } else { $self->{direction} = 0; } } $self->{groups} = [@groups]; } # }}} # {{{ Public Functions sub errstr { my ($self) = @_; return $self->{errstr}; } sub destinations { my ($self) = @_; return @{ $self->{destinations} // [] }; } sub train_numbers { my ($self) = @_; return @{ $self->{train_numbers} // [] }; } sub trains { my ($self) = @_; return @{ $self->{trains} // [] }; } sub sectors { my ($self) = @_; return @{ $self->{sectors} // [] }; } sub groups { my ($self) = @_; return @{ $self->{groups} // [] }; } sub carriages { my ($self) = @_; return @{ $self->{carriages} // [] }; } sub TO_JSON { my ($self) = @_; my %copy = %{$self}; delete $copy{from_json}; return {%copy}; } # }}} 1; __END__ =head1 NAME Travel::Status::DE::DBWagenreihung - Interface to Deutsche Bahn carriage formation API. =head1 SYNOPSIS use Travel::Status::DE::DBWagenreihung; my $wr = Travel::Status::DE::DBWagenreihung->new( eva => 8000080, departure => $datetime, train_type => 'IC', train_number => 2045, ); for my $carriage ( $wr->carriages ) { printf("Wagen %s: Abschnitt %s\n", $carriage->number // '?', $carriage->sector); } =head1 VERSION version 0.16 This is beta software. The API may change without notice. =head1 DESCRIPTION Travel:Status:DE::DBWagenreihung is an unofficial interface to the Deutsche Bahn carriage formation API. It returns station-specific carriage formations (also kwnown as coach sequences) for a variety of trains in the rail network associated with Deutsche Bahn. Data includes carriage positions on the platform, train type (e.g. ICE series), carriage-specific attributes such as first/second class, and the internal type and number of each carriage. Positions on the platform are given both in meters and percent (relative to platform length). Note that carriage formation data reported by the API is known to be bogus from time to time. This module does not perform thorough sanity checking. =head1 METHODS =over =item my $wr = Travel::Status::DE::DBWagenreihung->new(I<%opts>) Requests carriage formation for a specific train at a specific scheduled departure time and date, which implicitly encodes the requested station. Use L or similar to map station name and train number to scheduled departure. Arguments: =over =item B => I Scheduled departure at the station of interest. Must be a L object. Mandatory. =item B => I EVA ID of the station of interest. =item B => I Train type, e.g. "S" or "ICE". =item B => I Train number. =back =item $wr->errstr In case of a fatal HTTP or backend error, returns a string describing it. Returns undef otherwise. =item $wr->groups Returns a list of Travel::Status::DE::DBWagenreihung::Group(3pm) objects which describe the groups making up the carriage formation. Individual groups may have distinct destinations or train numbers. Each group contains a set of carriages. =item $wr->carriages Describes the individual carriages the train consists of. Returns a list of L objects. =item $wr->direction Gives the train's direction of travel. Returns 0 if the train will depart towards position 0 and 100 if the train will depart towards the other platform end (mnemonic: towards the 100% position). =item $wr->destinations Returns a list describing the unique destinations of this train's carriage groups. Each destination is a hashref that contains its B, a B arrayref to the corresponding Travel::Status::DE::DBWagenreihung::Group(3pm) objects, and a B arrayref to section identifiers (subject to change). =item $wr->platform Returns the platform name. =item $wr->sectors Describes the sectors of the platform this train will depart from. Returns a list of L objects. =item $wr->train_numbers Returns a list describing the unique train numbers associated with this train's carriage groups. Each train number is a hashref that contains its B (i.e., number), a B arrayref to the corresponding Travel::Status::DE::DBWagenreihung::Group(3pm) objects, and a B arrayref to section identifiers (subject to change). =item $wr->train_type Returns a string describing the train type, e.g. "ICE" or "IC". =back =head1 DEPENDENCIES =over =item * L =item * L =back =head1 BUGS AND LIMITATIONS Many. This is beta software. =head1 REPOSITORY L =head1 AUTHOR Copyright (C) 2018-2024 by Birte Kristina Friesel Ederf@finalrewind.orgE =head1 LICENSE This module is licensed under the same terms as Perl itself.