package Travel::Status::DE::HAFAS; use strict; use warnings; use 5.014; use utf8; no if $] >= 5.018, warnings => 'experimental::smartmatch'; use Carp qw(confess); use DateTime; use DateTime::Format::Strptime; use Digest::MD5 qw(md5_hex); use Encode qw(decode encode); use JSON; use List::Util qw(any); use LWP::UserAgent; use POSIX qw(strftime); use Travel::Status::DE::HAFAS::Message; use Travel::Status::DE::HAFAS::Result; use Travel::Status::DE::HAFAS::StopFinder; our $VERSION = '3.01'; my %hafas_instance = ( DB => { stopfinder => 'https://reiseauskunft.bahn.de/bin/ajax-getstop.exe', mgate => 'https://reiseauskunft.bahn.de/bin/mgate.exe', name => 'Deutsche Bahn', productbits => [qw[ice ic_ec d regio s bus ferry u tram ondemand]], salt => 'bdI8UVj4' . '0K5fvxwf', request => { client => { id => 'DB', v => '20100000', type => 'IPH', name => 'DB Navigator', }, ext => 'DB.R21.12.a', ver => '1.15', auth => { type => 'AID', aid => 'n91dB8Z77' . 'MLdoR0K' }, }, }, NAHSH => { mgate => 'https://nah.sh.hafas.de/bin/mgate.exe', stopfinder => 'https://nah.sh.hafas.de/bin/ajax-getstop.exe', name => 'Nahverkehrsverbund Schleswig-Holstein', productbits => [qw[ice ice ice regio s bus ferry u tram ondemand]], request => { client => { id => 'NAHSH', v => '3000700', type => 'IPH', name => 'NAHSHPROD', }, ver => '1.16', auth => { type => 'AID', aid => 'r0Ot9FLF' . 'NAFxijLW' }, }, }, NASA => { mgate => 'https://reiseauskunft.insa.de/bin/mgate.exe', stopfinder => 'https://reiseauskunft.insa.de/bin/ajax-getstop.exe', name => 'Nahverkehrsservice Sachsen-Anhalt', productbits => [qw[ice ice regio regio regio tram bus ondemand]], request => { client => { id => 'NASA', v => '4000200', type => 'IPH', name => 'nasaPROD', os => 'iPhone OS 13.1.2', }, ver => '1.18', auth => { type => 'AID', aid => 'nasa-' . 'apps', }, lang => 'deu', }, }, NVV => { mgate => 'https://auskunft.nvv.de/auskunft/bin/app/mgate.exe', stopfinder => 'https://auskunft.nvv.de/auskunft/bin/jp/ajax-getstop.exe', name => 'Nordhessischer VerkehrsVerbund', productbits => [qw[ice ic_ec regio s u tram bus bus ferry ondemand regio regio]], request => { client => { id => 'NVV', v => '5000300', type => 'IPH', name => 'NVVMobilPROD_APPSTORE', os => 'iOS 13.1.2', }, ext => 'NVV.6.0', ver => '1.18', auth => { type => 'AID', aid => 'Kt8eNOH7' . 'qjVeSxNA', }, lang => 'deu', }, }, 'ÖBB' => { mgate => 'https://fahrplan.oebb.at/bin/mgate.exe', stopfinder => 'https://fahrplan.oebb.at/bin/ajax-getstop.exe', name => 'Österreichische Bundesbahnen', productbits => [qw[ice ice ice regio regio s bus ferry u tram ice ondemand ice]], request => { client => { id => 'OEBB', v => '6030600', type => 'IPH', name => 'oebbPROD-ADHOC', }, ver => '1.41', auth => { type => 'AID', aid => 'OWDL4fE4' . 'ixNiPBBm', }, lang => 'deu', }, }, VBB => { mgate => 'https://fahrinfo.vbb.de/bin/mgate.exe', stopfinder => 'https://fahrinfo.vbb.de/bin/ajax-getstop.exe', name => 'Verkehrsverbund Berlin-Brandenburg', productbits => [qw[s u tram bus ferry ice regio]], request => { client => { id => 'VBB', type => 'WEB', name => 'VBB WebApp', l => 'vs_webapp_vbb', }, ext => 'VBB.1', ver => '1.33', auth => { type => 'AID', aid => 'hafas-vb' . 'b-webapp', }, lang => 'deu', }, }, VBN => { mgate => 'https://fahrplaner.vbn.de/bin/mgate.exe', stopfinder => 'https://fahrplaner.vbn.de/hafas/ajax-getstop.exe', name => 'Verkehrsverbund Bremen/Niedersachsen', productbits => [qw[ice ice regio regio s bus ferry u tram ondemand]], salt => 'SP31mBu' . 'fSyCLmNxp', micmac => 1, request => { client => { id => 'VBN', v => '6000000', type => 'IPH', name => 'vbn', }, ver => '1.42', auth => { type => 'AID', aid => 'kaoxIXLn' . '03zCr2KR', }, lang => 'deu', }, }, ); sub new { my ( $obj, %conf ) = @_; my $service = $conf{service}; my %lwp_options = %{ $conf{lwp_options} // { timeout => 10 } }; my $ua = $conf{user_agent} // LWP::UserAgent->new(%lwp_options); $ua->env_proxy; if ( not $conf{station} ) { confess('You need to specify a station'); } if ( not defined $service ) { $service = $conf{service} = 'DB'; } if ( defined $service and not exists $hafas_instance{$service} ) { confess("The service '$service' is not supported"); } my $now = DateTime->now( time_zone => 'Europe/Berlin' ); my $self = { active_service => $service, arrivals => $conf{arrivals}, cache => $conf{cache}, developer_mode => $conf{developer_mode}, exclusive_mots => $conf{exclusive_mots}, excluded_mots => $conf{excluded_mots}, messages => [], results => [], station => $conf{station}, ua => $ua, now => $now, }; bless( $self, $obj ); my $date = ( $conf{datetime} // $now )->strftime('%Y%m%d'); my $time = ( $conf{datetime} // $now )->strftime('%H%M%S'); my $lid; if ( $self->{station} =~ m{ ^ [0-9]+ $ }x ) { $lid = 'A=1@L=' . $self->{station} . '@'; } else { $lid = 'A=1@O=' . $self->{station} . '@'; } my $mot_mask = 2**@{ $hafas_instance{$service}{productbits} } - 1; my %mot_pos; for my $i ( 0 .. $#{ $hafas_instance{$service}{productbits} } ) { $mot_pos{ $hafas_instance{$service}{productbits}[$i] } = $i; } if ( my @mots = @{ $self->{exclusive_mots} // [] } ) { $mot_mask = 0; for my $mot (@mots) { $mot_mask |= 1 << $mot_pos{$mot}; } } if ( my @mots = @{ $self->{excluded_mots} // [] } ) { for my $mot (@mots) { $mot_mask &= ~( 1 << $mot_pos{$mot} ); } } my $req = { svcReqL => [ { req => { type => ( $conf{arrivals} ? 'ARR' : 'DEP' ), stbLoc => { lid => $lid }, dirLoc => undef, maxJny => 30, date => $date, time => $time, dur => -1, jnyFltrL => [ { type => "PROD", mode => "INC", value => $mot_mask } ] }, meth => 'StationBoard' } ], %{ $hafas_instance{$service}{request} } }; my $json = JSON->new->utf8; # The JSON request is the cache key, so if we have a cache we must ensure # that JSON serialization is deterministic. if ( $self->{cache} ) { $json->canonical; } $req = $json->encode($req); $self->{post} = $req; my $url = $conf{url} // $hafas_instance{$service}{mgate}; if ( my $salt = $hafas_instance{$service}{salt} ) { if ( $hafas_instance{$service}{micmac} ) { my $mic = md5_hex( $self->{post} ); my $mac = md5_hex( $mic . $salt ); $url .= "?mic=$mic&mac=$mac"; } else { $url .= '?checksum=' . md5_hex( $self->{post} . $salt ); } } if ( $conf{json} ) { $self->{raw_json} = $conf{json}; } else { if ( $self->{developer_mode} ) { say "requesting $req from $url"; } my ( $content, $error ) = $self->post_with_cache($url); if ($error) { $self->{errstr} = $error; return $self; } if ( $self->{developer_mode} ) { say decode( 'utf-8', $content ); } $self->{raw_json} = $json->decode($content); } $self->check_mgate; $self->parse_mgate; return $self; } sub post_with_cache { my ( $self, $url ) = @_; my $cache = $self->{cache}; if ( $self->{developer_mode} ) { say "GET $url"; } if ($cache) { my $content = $cache->thaw( $self->{post} ); if ($content) { if ( $self->{developer_mode} ) { say ' cache hit'; } return ( ${$content}, undef ); } } if ( $self->{developer_mode} ) { say ' cache miss'; } my $ua = $self->{user_agent}; my $reply = $self->{ua}->post( $url, 'Content-Type' => 'application/json', Content => $self->{post} ); if ( $reply->is_error ) { return ( undef, $reply->status_line ); } my $content = $reply->content; if ($cache) { say "freeeez"; $cache->freeze( $self->{post}, \$content ); } return ( $content, undef ); } sub check_mgate { my ($self) = @_; if ( $self->{raw_json}{err} and $self->{raw_json}{err} ne 'OK' ) { $self->{errstr} = $self->{raw_json}{errTxt} // 'error code is ' . $self->{raw_json}{err}; $self->{errcode} = $self->{raw_json}{err}; } elsif ( defined $self->{raw_json}{cInfo}{code} and $self->{raw_json}{cInfo}{code} ne 'OK' and $self->{raw_json}{cInfo}{code} ne 'VH' ) { $self->{errstr} = 'cInfo code is ' . $self->{raw_json}{cInfo}{code}; $self->{errcode} = $self->{raw_json}{cInfo}{code}; } elsif ( @{ $self->{raw_json}{svcResL} // [] } == 0 ) { $self->{errstr} = 'svcResL is empty'; } elsif ( $self->{raw_json}{svcResL}[0]{err} ne 'OK' ) { $self->{errstr} = 'svcResL[0].err is ' . $self->{raw_json}{svcResL}[0]{err}; $self->{errcode} = $self->{raw_json}{svcResL}[0]{err}; } return $self; } sub errcode { my ($self) = @_; return $self->{errcode}; } sub errstr { my ($self) = @_; return $self->{errstr}; } sub similar_stops { my ($self) = @_; my $service = $self->{active_service}; if ( $service and exists $hafas_instance{$service}{stopfinder} ) { my $sf = Travel::Status::DE::HAFAS::StopFinder->new( url => $hafas_instance{$service}{stopfinder}, input => $self->{station}, ua => $self->{ua}, developer_mode => $self->{developer_mode}, ); if ( my $err = $sf->errstr ) { $self->{errstr} = $err; return; } return $sf->results; } return; } sub add_message { my ( $self, $json, $is_him ) = @_; my $short = $json->{txtS}; my $text = $json->{txtN}; my $code = $json->{code}; my $prio = $json->{prio}; if ($is_him) { $short = $json->{head}; $text = $json->{text}; $code = $json->{hid}; } # Some backends use remL for operator information. We don't want that. if ( $code eq 'OPERATOR' ) { return; } for my $message ( @{ $self->{messages} } ) { if ( $code eq $message->{code} and $text eq $message->{text} ) { $message->{ref_count}++; return $message; } } my $message = Travel::Status::DE::HAFAS::Message->new( short => $short, text => $text, code => $code, prio => $prio, ref_count => 1, ); push( @{ $self->{messages} }, $message ); return $message; } sub messages { my ($self) = @_; return @{ $self->{messages} }; } sub parse_mgate { my ($self) = @_; $self->{results} = []; if ( $self->{errstr} ) { return $self; } $self->{strptime_obj} //= DateTime::Format::Strptime->new( pattern => '%Y%m%dT%H%M%S', time_zone => 'Europe/Berlin', ); my @locL = @{ $self->{raw_json}{svcResL}[0]{res}{common}{locL} // [] }; my @prodL = @{ $self->{raw_json}{svcResL}[0]{res}{common}{prodL} // [] }; my @opL = @{ $self->{raw_json}{svcResL}[0]{res}{common}{opL} // [] }; my @icoL = @{ $self->{raw_json}{svcResL}[0]{res}{common}{icoL} // [] }; my @remL = @{ $self->{raw_json}{svcResL}[0]{res}{common}{remL} // [] }; my @himL = @{ $self->{raw_json}{svcResL}[0]{res}{common}{himL} // [] }; my @jnyL = @{ $self->{raw_json}{svcResL}[0]{res}{jnyL} // [] }; for my $result (@jnyL) { my $date = $result->{date}; my $time_s = $result->{stbStop}{ $self->{arrivals} ? 'aTimeS' : 'dTimeS' }; my $time_r = $result->{stbStop}{ $self->{arrivals} ? 'aTimeR' : 'dTimeR' }; my $datetime_s = $self->{strptime_obj}->parse_datetime("${date}T${time_s}"); my $datetime_r = $time_r ? $self->{strptime_obj}->parse_datetime("${date}T${time_r}") : undef; my $delay = $datetime_r ? ( $datetime_r->epoch - $datetime_s->epoch ) / 60 : undef; my $destination = $result->{dirTxt}; my $is_cancelled = $result->{isCncl}; my $jid = $result->{jid}; my $platform = $result->{stbStop}{dPlatfS}; my $new_platform = $result->{stbStop}{dPlatfR}; my $product = $prodL[ $result->{prodX} ]; my $train = $product->{prodCtx}{name}; my $train_type = $product->{prodCtx}{catOutS}; my $line_no = $product->{prodCtx}{line}; my $operator; if ( defined $product->{oprX} ) { if ( my $opref = $opL[ $product->{oprX} ] ) { $operator = $opref->{name}; } } my @messages; for my $msg ( @{ $result->{msgL} // [] } ) { if ( $msg->{type} eq 'REM' and defined $msg->{remX} ) { push( @messages, $self->add_message( $remL[ $msg->{remX} ] ) ); } elsif ( $msg->{type} eq 'HIM' and defined $msg->{himX} ) { push( @messages, $self->add_message( $himL[ $msg->{himX} ], 1 ) ); } else { say "Unknown message type $msg->{type}"; } } my @stops; for my $stop ( @{ $result->{stopL} // [] } ) { my $loc = $locL[ $stop->{locX} ]; my $arr = $stop->{aTimeS}; my $arr_dt; if ($arr) { if ( length($arr) == 8 ) { # arrival time includes a day offset my $offset_date = $self->{now}->clone; $offset_date->add( days => substr( $arr, 0, 2, q{} ) ); $offset_date = $offset_date->strftime('%Y%m%d'); $arr_dt = $self->{strptime_obj} ->parse_datetime("${offset_date}T${arr}"); } else { $arr_dt = $self->{strptime_obj}->parse_datetime("${date}T${arr}"); } } push( @stops, { name => $loc->{name}, eva => $loc->{extId} + 0, arrival => $arr_dt, } ); } shift @stops; push( @{ $self->{results} }, Travel::Status::DE::HAFAS::Result->new( sched_datetime => $datetime_s, rt_datetime => $datetime_r, datetime => $datetime_r // $datetime_s, datetime_now => $self->{now}, delay => $delay, is_cancelled => $is_cancelled, train => $train, operator => $operator, route_end => $destination, platform => $platform, new_platform => $new_platform, messages => \@messages, route => \@stops, ) ); } return $self; } sub results { my ($self) = @_; return @{ $self->{results} }; } # static sub get_services { my @services; for my $service ( sort keys %hafas_instance ) { my %desc = %{ $hafas_instance{$service} }; $desc{shortname} = $service; push( @services, \%desc ); } return @services; } # static sub get_service { my ($service) = @_; if ( defined $service and exists $hafas_instance{$service} ) { return $hafas_instance{$service}; } return; } sub get_active_service { my ($self) = @_; if ( defined $self->{active_service} ) { return $hafas_instance{ $self->{active_service} }; } return; } 1; __END__ =head1 NAME Travel::Status::DE::HAFAS - Interface to HAFAS-based online arrival/departure monitors =head1 SYNOPSIS use Travel::Status::DE::HAFAS; my $status = Travel::Status::DE::HAFAS->new( station => 'Essen Hbf', ); if (my $err = $status->errstr) { die("Request error: ${err}\n"); } for my $departure ($status->results) { printf( "At %s: %s to %s from platform %s\n", $departure->time, $departure->line, $departure->destination, $departure->platform, ); } =head1 VERSION version 3.01 =head1 DESCRIPTION Travel::Status::DE::HAFAS is an interface to HAFAS-based arrival/departure monitors, for instance the one available at L. It takes a station name and (optional) date and time and reports all arrivals or departures at that station starting at the specified point in time (now if unspecified). =head1 METHODS =over =item my $status = Travel::Status::DE::HAFAS->new(I<%opts>) Requests the departures/arrivals as specified by I and returns a new Travel::Status::DE::HAFAS element with the results. Dies if the wrong I were passed. Supported I are: =over =item B => I The station or stop to report for, e.g. "Essen HBf" or "Alfredusbad, Essen (Ruhr)". Mandatory. =item B => I Date and time to report for. Defaults to now. =item B => [I, I, ...] By default, all modes of transport (trains, trams, buses etc.) are returned. If this option is set, all modes appearing in I, I, ... will be excluded. The supported modes depend on B, use B or B to get the supported values. Note that this parameter does not work if the B parameter is set. =item B => [I, I, ...] If this option is set, only the modes of transport appearing in I, I, ... will be returned. The supported modes depend on B, use B or B to get the supported values. Note that this parameter does not work if the B parameter is set. =item B => I Set language for additional information. Accepted arguments are Beutsch, Bnglish, Btalian and B (dutch), depending on the used service. =item B => I<\%hashref> Passed on to C<< LWP::UserAgent->new >>. Defaults to C<< { timeout => 10 } >>, you can use an empty hashref to override it. =item B => B|B By default, Travel::Status::DE::HAFAS reports train departures (B). Set this to B to get arrivals instead. =item B => I Request results from I, defaults to "DB". See B (and C<< hafas-m --list >>) for a list of supported services. =item B => I Request results from I, defaults to the one belonging to B. =back =item $status->errcode In case of an error in the HAFAS backend, returns the corresponding error code as string. If no backend error occurred, returns undef. =item $status->errstr In case of an error in the HTTP request or HAFAS backend, returns a string describing it. If no error occurred, returns undef. =item $status->results Returns a list of arrivals/departures. Each list element is a Travel::Status::DE::HAFAS::Result(3pm) object. If no matching results were found or the parser / http request failed, returns undef. =item $status->similar_stops Returns a list of hashrefs describing stops whose name is similar to the one requested in the constructor's B parameter. Returns nothing if the active service does not support this feature. This is most useful if B returns 'H730', which means that the HAFAS backend could not identify the stop. See Travel::Status::DE::HAFAS::StopFinder(3pm)'s B method for details on the return value. =item $status->get_active_service Returns a hashref describing the active service when a service is active and nothing otherwise. The hashref contains the keys B (URL to the station board service), B (URL to the stopfinder service, if supported), B, and B (arrayref describing the supported modes of transport, may contain duplicates). =item Travel::Status::DE::HAFAS::get_services() Returns an array containing all supported HAFAS services. Each element is a hashref and contains all keys mentioned in B. It also contains a B key, which is the service name used by the constructor's B parameter. =item Travel::Status::DE::HAFAS::get_service(I<$service>) Returns a hashref describing the service I<$service>. Returns nothing if I<$service> is not supported. See B for the hashref layout. =back =head1 DIAGNOSTICS None. =head1 DEPENDENCIES =over =item * Class::Accessor(3pm) =item * DateTime(3pm) =item * DateTime::Format::Strptime(3pm) =item * LWP::UserAgent(3pm) =back =head1 BUGS AND LIMITATIONS The non-default services (anything other than DB) are not well tested. =head1 SEE ALSO Travel::Status::DE::HAFAS::Result(3pm), Travel::Status::DE::HAFAS::StopFinder(3pm). =head1 AUTHOR Copyright (C) 2015-2020 by Daniel Friesel Ederf@finalrewind.orgE =head1 LICENSE This module is licensed under the same terms as Perl itself.