#!/usr/bin/env perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use 5.010;
use utf8;

our $VERSION = '3.03';

binmode( STDOUT, ':encoding(utf-8)' );

use Encode       qw(decode);
use Getopt::Long qw(:config no_ignore_case bundling);
use JSON;
use List::Util qw(first max none);
use Travel::Status::DE::EFA;

my $service = 'VRR';
my $efa_url;
my $efa_encoding;
my $use_cache = 1;
my $cache;
my $json_output;
my ( $date,        $time, $input_type, $list_lines, $offset, $relative_times );
my ( $full_routes, $filter_via, $show_jid );
my ( $timeout,     $developer_mode );
my ( @grep_lines,  @grep_platforms, @grep_mots );
my ( %edata,       @edata_pre );
my ( $list_services, $discover_and_print, $discover );
my $efa;

my %occupancy_map = (
	MANY_SEATS    => '.',
	FEW_SEATS     => 'o',
	STANDING_ONLY => '*',
	FULL          => '!',
	unknown       => '?',
);

@ARGV = map { decode( 'UTF-8', $_ ) } @ARGV;

GetOptions(
	'A|auto-url|discover-and-print' => \$discover_and_print,
	'd|date=s'                      => \$date,
	'D|discover'                    => \$discover,
	'h|help'                        => sub { show_help(0) },
	'j|with-jid'                    => \$show_jid,
	'l|line=s@'                     => \@grep_lines,
	'L|linelist'                    => \$list_lines,
	'list'                          => \$list_services,
	'm|mot=s@'                      => \@grep_mots,
	'o|offset=i'                    => \$offset,
	'O|output=s@'                   => \@edata_pre,
	'p|platform=s@'                 => \@grep_platforms,
	'r|relative'                    => \$relative_times,
	's|service=s'                   => \$service,
	't|time=s'                      => \$time,
	'timeout=i'                     => \$timeout,
	'u|efa-url=s'                   => \$efa_url,
	'v|via=s'                       => \$filter_via,
	'V|track-via=s'                 => \$filter_via,
	'cache!'                        => \$use_cache,
	'json'                          => \$json_output,
	'devmode'                       => \$developer_mode,
	'version'                       => \&show_version,

) or show_help(1);

if ($list_services) {
	show_services();
}

if ( @ARGV < 1 or @ARGV > 2 ) {
	show_help(1);
}

if ($use_cache) {
	my $cache_path = ( $ENV{XDG_CACHE_HOME} // "$ENV{HOME}/.cache" )
	  . '/Travel-Status-DE-EFA';
	eval {
		require Cache::File;
		$cache = Cache::File->new(
			cache_root      => $cache_path,
			default_expires => '90 seconds',
			lock_level      => Cache::File::LOCK_LOCAL(),
		);
	};
	if ($@) {
		$cache = undef;
	}
}

# --line=foo,bar support
@edata_pre      = split( qr{,}, join( q{,}, @edata_pre ) );
@grep_lines     = split( qr{,}, join( q{,}, @grep_lines ) );
@grep_mots      = split( qr{,}, join( q{,}, @grep_mots ) );
@grep_platforms = split( qr{,}, join( q{,}, @grep_platforms ) );

my ( $place, $input, $coord, $stopseq, $stopfinder );

if ( @ARGV == 1 ) {
	if ( $ARGV[0] =~ m{ ^ ([^@]*) @ ([^@]*) [(] ([^)]*) [)] (.*)  $ }x ) {
		$stopseq = {
			stateless => $1,
			stop_id   => $2,
			date      => $3,
			key       => $4
		};
	}
	elsif ( $ARGV[0] =~ m{ ^ [?] (?<name> .*) $ }x ) {
		$stopfinder = {
			name => $+{name},
		};
	}
	elsif ( $ARGV[0] =~ m{ ^ (?<lat> [0-9.]+ ) : (?<lon> [0-9].+ ) $ }x ) {
		$coord = {
			lat => $+{lat},
			lon => $+{lon},
		};
	}
	else {
		$input = $ARGV[0];
	}
}
else {
	( $place, $input ) = @ARGV;
}

if ( $input and $input =~ s{ ^ (?<type> address|poi|stop|stopID) : }{}x ) {
	$input_type = $+{type};
}

for my $efield (@edata_pre) {
	if    ( $efield eq 'a' ) { $edata{route_after}  = 1; $full_routes = 1 }
	elsif ( $efield eq 'b' ) { $edata{route_before} = 1; $full_routes = 1 }
	elsif ( $efield eq 'f' ) { $edata{fullroute}    = 1; $full_routes = 1 }
	elsif ( $efield eq 'r' ) { $edata{route}        = 1; $full_routes = 1 }
	elsif ( $efield eq 'i' ) { $edata{info}         = 1 }
	elsif ( $efield eq 'm' ) { $edata{messages}     = 1 }
	else                     { $edata{$efield}      = 1 }
}
if ($filter_via) {
	$full_routes = 1;
}

if ($efa_url) {
	$service = undef;
}
elsif ($service) {
	my $service_ref = Travel::Status::DE::EFA::get_service($service);
	if ( not $service_ref ) {
		printf STDERR (
			"Error: Unknown service '%s'. See 'efa-m --list' for a "
			  . "list of supported service names\n",
			$service
		);
		exit 1;
	}
	$efa_encoding = $service_ref->{encoding};
	$efa_url      = undef;
}

sub new_efa {
	my ( $s, $u ) = @_;
	my $res = Travel::Status::DE::EFA->new(
		service        => $s,
		efa_url        => $u,
		cache          => $cache,
		date           => $date,
		developer_mode => $developer_mode,
		efa_encoding   => $efa_encoding,
		full_routes    => $full_routes,
		place          => $place,
		name           => $input,
		coord          => $coord,
		stopfinder     => $stopfinder,
		stopseq        => $stopseq,
		time           => $time,
		type           => $input_type,
		timeout        => $timeout,
	);

	return $res;
}

sub show_help {
	my ($code) = @_;

	print "Usage: efa-m [-d <dd.mm.yyyy>] [-t <hh:mm>] [place] <station>\n"
	  . "See also: man efa-m\n";

	exit $code;
}

sub show_services {
	printf( "%-45s %-14s %s\n\n", 'service', 'abbr. (-s)', 'url (-u)' );
	for my $shortname ( Travel::Status::DE::EFA::get_service_ids() ) {
		my $service = Travel::Status::DE::EFA::get_service($shortname);
		printf( "%-45s %-14s %s\n",
			$service->{name}, $shortname, $service->{url} );
	}

	exit 0;
}

sub show_version {
	say "efa-m version ${VERSION}";

	exit 0;
}

sub format_delay {
	my ( $delay, $len ) = @_;
	if ( $delay and $len ) {
		return sprintf( "(%+${len}d)", $delay );
	}
	return q{};
}

sub format_route {
	my (@route) = @_;

	my $output = q{};

	for my $stop (@route) {
		if ( not $stop ) {
			say 'BUG';
			next;
		}
		my $occupancy
		  = $stop->occupancy ? format_occupancy( $stop->occupancy ) : q{ };
		my $delay = q{     };
		if ( $stop->delay ) {
			$delay = sprintf( '(%+3d)', $stop->delay );
		}
		if ( defined $stop->arr and defined $stop->dep ) {
			if ( $stop->arr->epoch == $stop->dep->epoch ) {
				$output .= sprintf(
					"    %5s      %s %s %35s %s\n",
					$stop->arr->strftime('%H:%M'),
					$delay, $occupancy, $stop->full_name,
					$stop->platform // q{},
				);
			}
			else {
				$output .= sprintf(
					"%5s → %5s  %s %s %35s %s\n",
					$stop->arr->strftime('%H:%M'),
					$stop->dep->strftime('%H:%M'),
					$delay,
					$occupancy,
					$stop->full_name,
					$stop->platform // q{},
				);
			}
		}
		elsif ( defined $stop->arr ) {
			$output .= sprintf(
				"%5s          %s %s %35s %s\n",
				$stop->arr->strftime('%H:%M'),
				$delay, $occupancy, $stop->full_name, $stop->platform,
			);
		}
		elsif ( defined $stop->dep ) {
			$output .= sprintf(
				"        %5s  %s %s %35s %s\n",
				$stop->dep->strftime('%H:%M'),
				$delay, $occupancy, $stop->full_name, $stop->platform,
			);
		}
		elsif ( $stop->full_name ) {
			$output .= sprintf( "               %s %s %35s %s\n",
				$delay, $occupancy, $stop->full_name, $stop->platform, );
		}
		else {
			$output .= "?\n";
		}
	}
	return $output;
}

sub display_result {
	my (@lines) = @_;

	my @line_length;

	if ( not @lines ) {
		die("Nothing to show\n");
	}

	for my $i ( 0 .. 4 ) {
		$line_length[$i] = max map { length( $_->[$i] ) } @lines;
	}

	for my $line (@lines) {

		if ( $edata{messages} and $line->[5]->hints ) {
			print "\n";
			for my $hint ( $line->[5]->hints ) {
				$hint =~ tr{\n\x0d}{ }s;
				chomp $hint;
				say "# ${hint}";
			}
		}

		printf(
			join( q{  }, ( map { "%-${_}s" } @line_length ) ) . "\n",
			@{$line}[ 0 .. 4 ]
		);

		if ( $line->[6] ) {
			say $line->[6];
		}
	}

	return;
}

sub show_coord {
	my $max_len = max map { length( $_->full_name ) } $efa->results;
	for my $stop ( $efa->results ) {
		printf(
			"%5.1f km  %-${max_len}s  %s\n",
			$stop->distance_m * 1e-3,
			$stop->full_name, $stop->id
		);
	}
}

sub show_stopfinder {
	my $max_len = max map { length( $_->full_name ) } $efa->results;
	for my $stop ( $efa->results ) {
		printf( "%-${max_len}s  %s\n", $stop->full_name, $stop->id );
	}
}

sub show_stopseq {
	my $trip = $efa->result;

	printf( "%s %s → %s\n", $trip->type, $trip->line // q{}, $trip->dest_name );

	printf(
		"Fahrt %s am %s\n",
		$trip->number || $stopseq,
		( $trip->route )[0]->sched_dep->strftime('%d.%m.%Y'),
	);
	say q{};

	my $delay_len       = 0;
	my $inner_delay_len = 0;
	my $max_delay       = max map { abs( $_->delay // 0 ) } $trip->route;
	if ($max_delay) {
		$inner_delay_len = length($max_delay) + 1;
		$delay_len       = length( sprintf( '(%+d)', $max_delay ) ) + 1;
	}

	for my $stop ( $trip->route ) {
		printf(
			"%s → %s%${delay_len}s  %s (%s) %s\n",
			$stop->arr ? $stop->arr->strftime('%H:%M')
			: q{     },
			$stop->dep ? $stop->dep->strftime('%H:%M')
			: q{     },
			$stop->delay ? sprintf( " (%+${inner_delay_len}d)", $stop->delay )
			: q{},
			$stop->full_name,
			$stop->niveau,
			$stop->platform
		);
	}
}

sub show_lines {
	my @output;

	for my $l ( $efa->lines ) {

		if (   ( @grep_lines and none { $l->number eq $_ } @grep_lines )
			or ( @grep_mots and none { $l->mot_name eq $_ } @grep_mots ) )
		{
			next;
		}

		if ( @grep_mots and none { $l->mot_name eq $_ } @grep_mots ) {
			next;
		}

		push(
			@output,
			[
				$l->type, $l->number,
				$l->direction // q{}, q{},
				$l->route // q{}
			]
		);
	}

	display_result(@output);

	return;
}

sub format_occupancy {
	my ($occupancy) = @_;

	return $occupancy_map{$occupancy} // $occupancy_map{unknown};
}

sub show_results {
	my @output;

	my $delay_len = 0;
	my $delay_fmt = 0;
	for my $d ( $efa->results ) {
		if ( $d->delay ) {
			$delay_len = max( $delay_len, length( $d->delay ) + 1 );
		}
	}
	if ($delay_len) {
		$delay_fmt = $delay_len + 3;
	}

	if ( scalar $efa->stops > 1 ) {
		for my $stop ( $efa->stops ) {
			say $stop->full_name;
		}
	}
	elsif ( $efa->stop->full_name ) {
		say $efa->stop->full_name;
	}

	for my $d ( $efa->results ) {

		my @output_line;
		my $platform = $d->platform;
		my $dtime    = (
			$relative_times
			? sprintf( '%2d min', $d->countdown )
			: $d->datetime->strftime('%H:%M')
		);

		if (
			   ( @grep_lines and none { $d->line eq $_ } @grep_lines )
			or ( @grep_mots  and none { $d->mot_name eq $_ } @grep_mots )
			or ( @grep_platforms
				and none { $platform eq $_ } @grep_platforms )
			or ( $offset and $d->countdown < $offset )
			or ( $filter_via
				and
				not( first { $_->name =~ m{$filter_via}io } $d->route_post ) )
		  )
		{
			next;
		}

		if ( $d->is_cancelled ) {
			if ($relative_times) {
				next;
			}
			else {
				$dtime = '--:--';
			}
		}
		elsif ($filter_via) {
			my $via = first { $_->name =~ m{$filter_via}io } $d->route_post;
			$dtime
			  .= ' → '
			  . $via->arr->clone->add( minutes => $d->delay // 0 )
			  ->strftime('%H:%M');
		}
		if ( $d->delay ) {
			$dtime .= ' ' . format_delay( $d->delay, $delay_len );
		}

		my $line = $d->line;
		if (    ( length($line) > 10 or not $line )
			and $d->train_type
			and $d->train_no )
		{
			$line = $d->train_type . ' ' . $d->train_no;
		}

		@output_line = ( $dtime, $platform, $line, q{}, $d->destination, $d );

		if ($show_jid) {
			$output_line[2] .= sprintf( '  %s@%d(%s)%d',
				$d->stateless =~ s{ }{}gr,
				scalar $d->route_pre ? ( $d->route_pre )[0]->id : $d->stop_id,
				$d->sched_datetime->strftime('%Y%m%d'),
				$d->key );
		}

		if ( $edata{route} ) {
			$output_line[3]
			  = join( q{  }, map { $_->name } $d->route_interesting );
		}
		elsif ( $d->occupancy ) {
			$output_line[3] = format_occupancy( $d->occupancy );
		}

		if ( $edata{fullroute} ) {
			$output_line[6]
			  = format_route( $d->route_pre )
			  . ' -' x 30 . "\n"
			  . format_route( $d->route_post );
		}
		elsif ( $edata{route_after} ) {
			$output_line[6] = format_route( $d->route_post );
		}
		elsif ( $edata{route_before} ) {
			$output_line[6] = format_route( reverse $d->route_pre );
		}

		push( @output, \@output_line );
	}

	display_result(@output);

	if ( $edata{info} ) {
		for my $info ( $efa->infos ) {
			say q{};
			if ( $info->subject and $info->subtitle ne $info->subject ) {
				printf( "# %s\n%s\n", $info->subtitle, $info->subject );
			}
			else {
				printf( "# %s\n", $info->subtitle );
			}
		}
	}

	return;
}

if ( $discover or $discover_and_print ) {
	for my $shortname ( Travel::Status::DE::EFA::get_service_ids() ) {
		$efa = new_efa($shortname);
		if ( $efa and not $efa->errstr ) {
			if ($discover_and_print) {
				last;
			}
			my $service_ref = Travel::Status::DE::EFA::get_service($shortname);
			printf(
				"%s / %s (%s)\n   ->  efa-m -s %s %s\n\n",
				$service_ref->{name}, $shortname, $service_ref->{url},
				$shortname,           join( q{ }, map { "'$_'" } @ARGV ),
			);
		}
	}
	if ($discover) {
		exit 0;
	}
}

$efa = new_efa( $service, $efa_url );

if ( my $err = $efa->errstr ) {
	say STDERR "Request error: ${err}";

	if ( $efa->place_candidates ) {
		say 'You might want to try one of the following places:';
		say join( "\n", $efa->place_candidates );
	}
	elsif ( $efa->name_candidates ) {
		say 'You might want to try one of the following names:';
		say join( "\n", $efa->name_candidates );
	}

	exit 2;
}

if ($json_output) {
	if ($stopseq) {
		say JSON->new->convert_blessed->encode( $efa->result );
	}
	else {
		say JSON->new->convert_blessed->encode( [ $efa->results ] );
	}
}
elsif ($coord) {
	show_coord();
}
elsif ($stopfinder) {
	show_stopfinder();
}
elsif ($stopseq) {
	show_stopseq();
}
elsif ($list_lines) {
	show_lines();
}
else {
	show_results();
}

__END__

=head1 NAME

efa-m - Unofficial interface to the efa.vrr.de departure and trip monitor

=head1 SYNOPSIS

B<efa-m> [B<-jLr>] [B<-d> I<dd.mm.yyyy>] [B<-t> I<hh:mm>]
[B<-l> I<lines>] [B<-p> I<platforms>] [B<-s> I<service>]
[I<city>] [I<type>B<:>]I<name>

B<efa-m> [B<-s> I<service>] B<?>I<query>|I<lat>B<:>I<lon>

B<efa-m> [B<-s> I<service>] I<tripid>

=head1 VERSION

version 3.03

=head1 DESCRIPTION

B<efa-m> is an interface to EFA public transport services.

It can serve as a departure monitor, request details about a specific
trip/journey, and look up public transport stops by name or geolocation.
The operating mode depends on the contents of its mandatory argument.

=head2 Departure Monitor (I<name>)

Shows departures it I<name> or I<city> I<name>. For each departure,
B<efa-m> shows

=over

=item * estimated departure time (including delay, if available),

=item * delay in minutes,

=item * platform,

=item * line,

=item * expected occupation (range . o * !, if available), and

=item * destination.

=back

If I<city> is specified, I<name> refers to a location within I<city>. Otherwise,
I<name> must be self-contained. I.e., both C<< efa Essen Hbf >> and
C<< efa "Essen Hbf" >> are valid. Note, however, than C<< efa E Hbf >> works,
but C<< efa "E Hbf" >> does not.

By default, I<name> refers to a stop, this can be changed by specifying
I<type>.  Supported types are B<address> and B<poi> (point of interest).

=head2 Location Search (B<?>I<query>|I<lat>B<:>I<lon>)

List stops that match I<query> or that are located in the vicinity of
I<lat>B<:>I<lon> geocoordinates.

=head2 Trip Details (I<JourneyID>)

List trip information as well as arrival and departure time, name, and platform
of each stop on the trip's route.

=head1 OPTIONS

Values in brackets indicate options that only apply to the corresponding
operating mode(s).


=over

=item B<-A>, B<--auto-url>, B<--discover-and-print> (monitor)

Probe all known EFA entry points for the specified stop. Print the first
result which was not an error.

Note that this may take a while and will not necessarily return the best
result.  Also, using thi option by default is not recommended, as it puts EFA
services under considerable additional load.

=item B<-d>, B<--date> I<dd.mm.yyyy> (monitor)

Show departures for I<date> instead of today.
May also be specified as I<dd.mm.>

=item B<-D>, B<--discover> (monitor)

Probe all known EFA entry points for the specified stop. Print the URLs and
names of all entry points which did not return an error.

=item B<-j>, B<--with-jid> (monitor)

Show journey ID for each departure.
The ID can be used to query details with a subsequent B<efa-m> invocation
(trip details mode).

=item B<--json>

Print result(s) as JSON and exit. This is a dump of internal data structures
and not guaranteed to remain stable between minor versions. Please use the
Travel::Status::DE::EFA(3pm) module if you need a proper API.

=item B<-L>, B<--linelist> (monitor)

Do not show departures. Instead, list all lines serving the specified place.
Note that this information may be incomplete -- only lines which are in
service either at the time of the B<efa-m> call or at the time specifed
using B<--date> and B<--time> are guaranteed to be included.

=item B<-l>, B<--line> I<lines> (monitor)

Only show departures of I<lines> (comma-separatad list, option may be
repeated)

=item B<--list>

List supported EFA services with their URLs (see B<-u>) and abbreviations (see
B<-s>).

=item B<-m>, B<--mot> I<motlist> (monitor)

Only show departures whose type appears in I<motlist> (comma-separated list,
this option may be repeated).

The following departure types ("modes of transport") are supported:
zug, s-bahn, u-bahn, stadtbahn, tram, stadtbus, regionalbus, schnellbus,
seilbahn, schiff, ast, sonstige

=item B<-o>, B<--offset> I<minutes> (monitor)

Ignore departures which are less than I<minutes> from now.

=item B<-O>, B<--output> I<outputtypes> (monitor)

For each result, show additional information as specified by I<outputtypes>.
I<outputtypes> is a comma-separated list, the B<-O>/B<--output> option may
also be repeated. Each output type has both a short and long form, for instance
both "-Or" and "--output=route" are valid.

The following output types are supported:

=over

=item a / route_after

Show each departure's full route (timestamps and stop names) after the
requested station.

=item b / route_before

Show each departure's full route (timestamps and stop names) before the
requested station.

=item f / fullroute

Show each departure's full route (timestamps and stop names) before and
after the requested station.

=item i / info

Show station-specific information messages. These typically relate to
construction work, broken elevators or escalators, or special announcements
for large-scale events.

=item r / route

Show up to three stops between the requested station and the departure's
destination. B<efa-m> tries to display the three most important stops,
however these are heuristically determined and may not be optimal.

=item m / messages

Show free-text messages associated with individual departures. These can
include generic information such is bicycle transportation options or Wi-Fi
availability, delay reasons, and more.

=back

=item B<-p>, B<--platform> I<platforms> (monitor)

Only show departures at I<platforms> (comma-separated list, option may be
repeated).  Note that the C<< Bstg. >> / C<< Gleis >> prefix must be omitted.

=item B<-r>, B<--relative> (monitor)

Show relative departure times in minutes (i.e. the time difference between
the departure and the time of the request).  In this case, realtime data is
already included.

=item B<-s>, B<--service> I<name>

Short name of the EFA entry point. See Travel::Status::DE::EFA(3pm) and the
B<--list> option for a list of services.

=item B<-t>, B<--time> I<hh:mm> (monitor)

Show departures starting at I<time> instead of now.

=item B<--timeout> I<seconds>

Set timeout for HTTP requests. Default: 10 seconds. Set to 0 or a negative
value to disable it.

=item B<-v>, B<--via> I<station> (monitor)

Only show trains serving I<station> after the requseted stop, and show the
arrival time at I<station> after the departure time at the current stop.
I<station> is matched against the "I<city> I<stop>" fields in each line's
route. Regular expressions are also supported.

=item B<--version>

Show version information.

=back

=head1 EXIT STATUS

Normally zero. B<1> means B<efa-m> was called with invalid options,
B<2> indicates a request error from Travel::Status::DE::EFA(3pm).

=head1 CONFIGURATION

None.

=head1 DEPENDENCIES

=over

=item * Class::Accessor(3pm)

=item * LWP::UserAgent(3pm)

=item * Travel::Status::DE::EFA(3pm)

=back

=head1 BUGS AND LIMITATIONS

B<efa-m> uses the VRR EFA service by default, which seems to contain the
greatest available set of information. However, some cities (e.g. Berlin or
parts of Hamburg) are not supported there, and B<efa-m> is not yet able to
choose the appropriate EFA URL for these by itself. In these cases, you should
find an appropriate EFA service using the B<-D>/B<--discover> option and then
use B<-s> I<service> when making requests.

=over

=item * EFA does not provide real-time data for the routes of requested
departures. Hence, B<--via> estimates the arrival time from scheduled
departure and departure delay

=back

=head1 AUTHOR

Copyright (C) 2011-2023 by Birte Kristina Friesel E<lt>derf@finalrewind.orgE<gt>

=head1 LICENSE

This program is licensed under the same terms as Perl itself.