package Travelynx::Command::database; use Mojo::Base 'Mojolicious::Command'; use DateTime; has description => 'Initialize or upgrade database layout'; has usage => sub { shift->extract_usage }; sub get_schema_version { my ($db) = @_; my $version; eval { $version = $db->select( 'schema_version', ['version'] )->hash->{version}; }; if ($@) { # If it failed, the version table does not exist -> run setup first. return undef; } return $version; } sub initialize_db { my ($db) = @_; $db->query( qq{ create table schema_version ( version integer primary key ); create table users ( id serial not null primary key, name varchar(64) not null unique, status smallint not null, public_level smallint not null, email varchar(256), token varchar(80), password text, registered_at timestamptz not null, last_login timestamptz not null, deletion_requested timestamptz ); create table stations ( id serial not null primary key, ds100 varchar(16) not null unique, name varchar(64) not null unique ); create table user_actions ( id serial not null primary key, user_id integer not null references users (id), action_id smallint not null, station_id int references stations (id), action_time timestamptz not null, train_type varchar(16), train_line varchar(16), train_no varchar(16), train_id varchar(128), sched_time timestamptz, real_time timestamptz, route text, messages text ); create table pending_mails ( email varchar(256) not null primary key, num_tries smallint not null, last_try timestamptz not null ); create table tokens ( user_id integer not null references users (id), type smallint not null, token varchar(80) not null, primary key (user_id, type) ); insert into schema_version values (0); } ); } my @migrations = ( # v0 -> v1 sub { my ($db) = @_; $db->query( qq{ alter table user_actions add column edited smallint; drop table if exists monthly_stats; create table journey_stats ( user_id integer not null references users (id), year smallint not null, month smallint not null, data jsonb not null, primary key (user_id, year, month) ); update schema_version set version = 1; } ); }, # v1 -> v2 sub { my ($db) = @_; $db->query( qq{ update user_actions set edited = 0; alter table user_actions alter column edited set not null; update schema_version set version = 2; } ); }, # v2 -> v3 # A bug in the journey distance calculation caused excessive distances to be # reported for routes covering stations without GPS coordinates. Ensure # all caches are rebuilt. sub { my ($db) = @_; $db->query( qq{ truncate journey_stats; update schema_version set version = 3; } ); }, # v3 -> v4 # Introduces "journeys", containing one row for each complete # journey, and "in_transit", containing the journey which is currently # in progress (if any). "user_actions" is no longer used, but still kept # as a backup for now. sub { my ($db) = @_; $db->query( qq{ create table journeys ( id serial not null primary key, user_id integer not null references users (id), train_type varchar(16) not null, train_line varchar(16), train_no varchar(16) not null, train_id varchar(128) not null, checkin_station_id integer not null references stations (id), checkin_time timestamptz not null, sched_departure timestamptz not null, real_departure timestamptz not null, checkout_station_id integer not null references stations (id), checkout_time timestamptz not null, sched_arrival timestamptz, real_arrival timestamptz, cancelled boolean not null, edited smallint not null, route text, messages text ); create table in_transit ( user_id integer not null references users (id) primary key, train_type varchar(16) not null, train_line varchar(16), train_no varchar(16) not null, train_id varchar(128) not null, checkin_station_id integer not null references stations (id), checkin_time timestamptz not null, sched_departure timestamptz not null, real_departure timestamptz not null, checkout_station_id int references stations (id), checkout_time timestamptz, sched_arrival timestamptz, real_arrival timestamptz, cancelled boolean not null, route text, messages text ); create view journeys_str as select journeys.id as journey_id, user_id, train_type, train_line, train_no, train_id, extract(epoch from checkin_time) as checkin_ts, extract(epoch from sched_departure) as sched_dep_ts, extract(epoch from real_departure) as real_dep_ts, dep_stations.ds100 as dep_ds100, dep_stations.name as dep_name, extract(epoch from checkout_time) as checkout_ts, extract(epoch from sched_arrival) as sched_arr_ts, extract(epoch from real_arrival) as real_arr_ts, arr_stations.ds100 as arr_ds100, arr_stations.name as arr_name, cancelled, edited, route, messages from journeys join stations as dep_stations on dep_stations.id = checkin_station_id join stations as arr_stations on arr_stations.id = checkout_station_id ; create view in_transit_str as select user_id, train_type, train_line, train_no, train_id, extract(epoch from checkin_time) as checkin_ts, extract(epoch from sched_departure) as sched_dep_ts, extract(epoch from real_departure) as real_dep_ts, dep_stations.ds100 as dep_ds100, dep_stations.name as dep_name, extract(epoch from checkout_time) as checkout_ts, extract(epoch from sched_arrival) as sched_arr_ts, extract(epoch from real_arrival) as real_arr_ts, arr_stations.ds100 as arr_ds100, arr_stations.name as arr_name, cancelled, route, messages from in_transit join stations as dep_stations on dep_stations.id = checkin_station_id left join stations as arr_stations on arr_stations.id = checkout_station_id ; } ); my @uids = $db->select( 'users', ['id'] )->hashes->map( sub { shift->{id} } ) ->each; my $count = 0; for my $uid (@uids) { my %cache; my $prev_action_type = 0; my $actions = $db->select( 'user_actions', '*', { user_id => $uid }, { order_by => { -asc => 'id' } } ); for my $action ( $actions->hashes->each ) { my $action_type = $action->{action_id}; my $id = $action->{id}; if ( $action_type == 2 and $prev_action_type != 1 ) { die( "Inconsistent data at uid ${uid} action ${id}: Illegal transition $prev_action_type -> $action_type.\n" ); } if ( $action_type == 5 and $prev_action_type != 4 ) { die( "Inconsistent data at uid ${uid} action ${id}: Illegal transition $prev_action_type -> $action_type.\n" ); } if ( $action_type == 1 or $action_type == 4 ) { %cache = ( train_type => $action->{train_type}, train_line => $action->{train_line}, train_no => $action->{train_no}, train_id => $action->{train_id}, checkin_station_id => $action->{station_id}, checkin_time => $action->{action_time}, sched_departure => $action->{sched_time}, real_departure => $action->{real_time}, route => $action->{route}, messages => $action->{messages}, cancelled => $action->{action_id} == 4 ? 1 : 0, edited => $action->{edited}, ); } elsif ( $action_type == 2 or $action_type == 5 ) { $cache{checkout_station_id} = $action->{station_id}; $cache{checkout_time} = $action->{action_time}; $cache{sched_arrival} = $action->{sched_time}; $cache{real_arrival} = $action->{real_time}; $cache{edited} |= $action->{edited} << 8; if ( $action->{route} ) { $cache{route} = $action->{route}; } if ( $action->{messages} ) { $cache{messages} = $action->{messages}; } $db->insert( 'journeys', { user_id => $uid, train_type => $cache{train_type}, train_line => $cache{train_line}, train_no => $cache{train_no}, train_id => $cache{train_id}, checkin_station_id => $cache{checkin_station_id}, checkin_time => $cache{checkin_time}, sched_departure => $cache{sched_departure}, real_departure => $cache{real_departure}, checkout_station_id => $cache{checkout_station_id}, checkout_time => $cache{checkout_time}, sched_arrival => $cache{sched_arrival}, real_arrival => $cache{real_arrival}, cancelled => $cache{cancelled}, edited => $cache{edited}, route => $cache{route}, messages => $cache{messages} } ); %cache = (); } $prev_action_type = $action_type; } if (%cache) { # user is currently in transit $db->insert( 'in_transit', { user_id => $uid, train_type => $cache{train_type}, train_line => $cache{train_line}, train_no => $cache{train_no}, train_id => $cache{train_id}, checkin_station_id => $cache{checkin_station_id}, checkin_time => $cache{checkin_time}, sched_departure => $cache{sched_departure}, real_departure => $cache{real_departure}, cancelled => $cache{cancelled}, route => $cache{route}, messages => $cache{messages} } ); } $count++; printf( " journey storage migration: %3.0f%% complete\n", $count * 100 / @uids ); } $db->update( 'schema_version', { version => 4 } ); }, # v4 -> v5 # Handle inconsistent data (overlapping journeys) in statistics. Introduces # the "inconsistencies" stats key -> rebuild all stats. sub { my ($db) = @_; $db->query( qq{ truncate journey_stats; update schema_version set version = 5; } ); }, # v5 -> v6 # Add documentation sub { my ($db) = @_; $db->query( qq{ comment on table in_transit is 'Users who are currently checked into a train'; comment on view in_transit_str is 'in_transit with station IDs resolved to name/ds100'; comment on table journey_stats is 'Cache for yearly and monthly statistics in JSON format'; comment on table journeys is 'Past train trips (i.e. the user has already checked out)'; comment on view journeys_str is 'journeys with station IDs resolved to name/ds100'; comment on table pending_mails is 'Blacklist for mail addresses used in an unsuccessful registration attempt. Helps ensure that travelynx does not spam individual mails with registration attempts.'; comment on table stations is 'Map of station IDs to name and DS100 code'; comment on table tokens is 'User API tokens'; comment on column in_transit.route is 'Format: station1|station2|station3|...'; comment on column in_transit.messages is 'Format: epoch:message1|epoch:message2|...'; comment on column in_transit_str.route is 'Format: station1|station2|station3|...'; comment on column in_transit_str.messages is 'Format: epoch:message1|epoch:message2|...'; comment on column journeys.edited is 'Bit mask indicating which part has been entered manually. 0x0001 = sched departure, 0x0002 = real departure, 0x0100 = sched arrival, 0x0200 = real arrival'; comment on column journeys.route is 'Format: station1|station2|station3|...'; comment on column journeys.messages is 'Format: epoch:message1|epoch:message2|...'; comment on column journeys_str.edited is 'Bit mask indicating which part has been entered manually. 0x0001 = sched departure, 0x0002 = real departure, 0x0100 = sched arrival, 0x0200 = real arrival'; comment on column journeys_str.route is 'Format: station1|station2|station3|...'; comment on column journeys_str.messages is 'Format: epoch:message1|epoch:message2|...'; comment on column users.status is 'Bit mask: 0x01 = verified'; comment on column users.public_level is 'Bit mask indicating public account parts. 0x01 = current status (checkin from/to or last checkout at)'; comment on column users.token is 'Used for e-mail verification'; comment on column users.deletion_requested is 'Time at which account deletion was requested'; update schema_version set version = 6; } ); }, # v6 -> v7 # Add pending_passwords table to store data about pending password resets sub { my ($db) = @_; $db->query( qq{ create table pending_passwords ( user_id integer not null references users (id) primary key, token varchar(80) not null, requested_at timestamptz not null ); comment on table pending_passwords is 'Password reset tokens'; update schema_version set version = 7; } ); }, # v7 -> v8 # Add pending_mails table to store data about pending mail changes sub { my ($db) = @_; $db->query( qq{ alter table pending_mails rename to mail_blacklist; create table pending_mails ( user_id integer not null references users (id) primary key, email varchar(256) not null, token varchar(80) not null, requested_at timestamptz not null ); comment on table pending_mails is 'Verification tokens for mail address changes'; update schema_version set version = 8; } ); }, # v8 -> v9 sub { my ($db) = @_; $db->query( qq{ alter table users rename column last_login to last_seen; drop table user_actions; update schema_version set version = 9; } ); }, # v9 -> v10 # Add pending_registrations table. The users.token column is no longer # needed. sub { my ($db) = @_; $db->query( qq{ create table pending_registrations ( user_id integer not null references users (id) primary key, token varchar(80) not null ); comment on table pending_registrations is 'Verification tokens for newly registered accounts'; update schema_version set version = 10; } ); my $res = $db->select( 'users', [ 'id', 'token' ], { status => 0 } ); for my $user ( $res->hashes->each ) { $db->insert( 'pending_registrations', { user_id => $user->{id}, token => $user->{token} } ); } $db->query( qq{ alter table users drop column token; } ); }, ); sub setup_db { my ($db) = @_; my $tx = $db->begin; eval { initialize_db($db); $tx->commit; }; if ($@) { say "Database initialization failed: $@"; exit(1); } } sub migrate_db { my ($db) = @_; my $tx = $db->begin; my $schema_version = get_schema_version($db); say "Found travelynx schema v${schema_version}"; if ( $schema_version == @migrations ) { say "Database layout is up-to-date"; } eval { for my $i ( $schema_version .. $#migrations ) { printf( "Updating to v%d ...\n", $i + 1 ); $migrations[$i]($db); } }; if ($@) { say STDERR "Migration failed: $@"; say STDERR "Rolling back to v${schema_version}"; exit(1); } if ( get_schema_version($db) == @migrations ) { $tx->commit; } else { printf STDERR ( "Database schema mismatch after migrations: Expected %d, got %d\n", scalar @migrations, get_schema_version($db) ); say STDERR "Rolling back to v${schema_version}"; exit(1); } } sub run { my ( $self, $command ) = @_; my $db = $self->app->pg->db; #if ( not defined $dbh ) { # printf( "Can't connect to the database: %s\n", $DBI::errstr ); # exit(1); #} if ( $command eq 'migrate' ) { if ( not defined get_schema_version($db) ) { setup_db($db); } migrate_db($db); } elsif ( $command eq 'has-current-schema' ) { if ( get_schema_version($db) == @migrations ) { say "yes"; } else { say "no"; exit(1); } } else { $self->help; } } 1; __END__ =head1 SYNOPSIS Usage: index.pl database <migrate|has-current-schema> Upgrades the database layout to the latest schema. Recommended workflow: > systemctl stop travelynx > perl index.pl migrate > systemctl start travelynx