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|
#!perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use 5.014;
our $VERSION = '6.15';
use utf8;
use DateTime;
use Encode qw(decode);
use JSON;
use Getopt::Long qw(:config no_ignore_case);
use List::MoreUtils qw(uniq);
use List::Util qw(first max);
use Travel::Status::DE::HAFAS;
my ( $date, $time, $language );
my $arrivals;
my $show_jid;
my $num_results = 30;
my $types = q{};
my $developer_mode;
my $via;
my $use_cache = 1;
my $cache;
my ( $json_output, $raw_json_output );
my ( $list_services, $service );
my ( @excluded_mots, @exclusive_mots );
my @output;
binmode( STDOUT, ':encoding(utf-8)' );
for my $arg (@ARGV) {
$arg = decode( 'UTF-8', $arg );
}
my $output_bold = -t STDOUT ? "\033[1m" : q{};
my $output_reset = -t STDOUT ? "\033[0m" : q{};
GetOptions(
'a|arrivals' => \$arrivals,
'd|date=s' => \$date,
'h|help' => sub { show_help(0) },
'j|with-jid' => \$show_jid,
'l|language=s' => \$language,
'm|mot=s' => \$types,
'n|num-results=s' => \$num_results,
's|service=s' => \$service,
't|time=s' => \$time,
'v|via=s' => \$via,
'V|version' => \&show_version,
'cache!' => \$use_cache,
'devmode' => \$developer_mode,
'json' => \$json_output,
'raw-json' => \$raw_json_output,
'list' => \$list_services,
) or show_help(1);
if ($list_services) {
printf(
"%-40s %-14s %-15s %s\n\n",
'operator', 'abbr. (-s)', 'languages (-l)',
'time zone'
);
for my $service ( Travel::Status::DE::HAFAS::get_services() ) {
printf(
"%-40s %-14s %-15s %s\n",
@{$service}{qw(name shortname)},
join( q{ }, @{ $service->{languages} // [] } ),
$service->{time_zone} // q{},
);
}
exit 0;
}
if ($use_cache) {
my $cache_path = ( $ENV{XDG_CACHE_HOME} // "$ENV{HOME}/.cache" )
. '/Travel-Status-DE-HAFAS';
eval {
require Cache::File;
$cache = Cache::File->new(
cache_root => $cache_path,
default_expires => '90 seconds',
lock_level => Cache::File::LOCK_LOCAL(),
);
};
if ($@) {
$cache = undef;
}
}
parse_mot_options();
my %opt = (
cache => $cache,
excluded_mots => \@excluded_mots,
exclusive_mots => \@exclusive_mots,
station => shift || show_help(1),
arrivals => $arrivals,
developer_mode => $developer_mode,
service => $service,
language => $language,
results => $num_results,
);
if ( $opt{station} =~ m{ ^ (?<lat> [0-9.]+ ) : (?<lon> [0-9].+ ) $ }x ) {
$opt{geoSearch} = {
lat => $+{lat},
lon => $+{lon},
};
delete $opt{station};
}
elsif ( $opt{station} =~ m{ ^ [?] (?<query> .*) $ }x ) {
$opt{locationSearch} = $+{query};
delete $opt{station};
}
elsif ( $opt{station} =~ m{[|]} ) {
$opt{journey} = { id => $opt{station} };
delete $opt{station};
}
elsif ( $opt{station} =~ m{ ^ [!] (?<query> .*) $ }x ) {
$opt{journeyMatch} = $+{query};
delete $opt{station};
}
if ( $date or $time ) {
my $desc = Travel::Status::DE::HAFAS::get_service($service) // {};
my $dt
= DateTime->now( time_zone => $desc->{time_zone} // 'Europe/Berlin' );
if ($date) {
if ( $date
=~ m{ ^ (?<day> \d{1,2} ) [.] (?<month> \d{1,2} ) [.] (?<year> \d{4})? $ }x
)
{
$dt->set(
day => $+{day},
month => $+{month}
);
if ( $+{year} ) {
$dt->set( year => $+{year} );
}
}
else {
say "--date must be specified as DD.MM.[YYYY]";
exit 1;
}
}
if ($time) {
if ( $time =~ m{ ^ (?<hour> \d{1,2} ) : (?<minute> \d{1,2} ) $ }x ) {
$dt->set(
hour => $+{hour},
minute => $+{minute},
second => 0,
);
}
else {
say "--time must be specified as HH:MM";
exit 1;
}
}
$opt{datetime} = $dt;
}
my $status = Travel::Status::DE::HAFAS->new(%opt);
sub show_help {
my ($code) = @_;
print 'Usage: hafas-m [-d <dd.mm.yyyy>] [-m <motlist>] [-t <time>] '
. "<station>\n"
. "See also: man hafas-m\n";
exit $code;
}
sub show_version {
say "hafas-m version ${VERSION}";
exit 0;
}
sub spacer {
my ($len) = @_;
return ( $len % 2 ? q { } : q{} ) . ( q{ ·} x ( $len / 2 ) );
}
sub parse_mot_options {
my $default_yes = 1;
for my $type ( split( qr{,}, $types ) ) {
if ( $type eq 'help' or $type eq 'list' or $type eq q{?} ) {
$service //= 'DB';
my $desc = Travel::Status::DE::HAFAS::get_service($service);
if ($desc) {
for my $mot ( @{ $desc->{productbits} } ) {
if ( ref($mot) eq 'ARRAY' ) {
if ( $mot->[0] ne '_' ) {
printf( "%-20s (%s)\n", @{$mot} );
}
}
elsif ( $mot ne '_' ) {
say $mot;
}
}
exit 0;
}
else {
say STDERR 'no modes of transport known for this service';
exit 1;
}
}
elsif ( substr( $type, 0, 1 ) eq q{!} ) {
push( @excluded_mots, substr( $type, 1 ) );
}
else {
push( @exclusive_mots, $type );
}
}
return;
}
sub show_similar_stops {
my @candidates = $status->similar_stops;
if (@candidates) {
say 'You might want to try one of the following stops:';
for my $c (@candidates) {
printf( "%s (%s)\n", $c->{name}, $c->{id} );
}
return;
}
my $hafas = Travel::Status::DE::HAFAS->new(
locationSearch => $opt{station},
developer_mode => $developer_mode,
service => $service,
language => $language,
);
if ( $hafas->results ) {
say 'You might want to try one of the following stops:';
for my $r ( $hafas->results ) {
printf( "%s (%s)\n", $r->name, $r->eva );
}
}
return;
}
sub journey_has_via {
my ( $journey, $via ) = @_;
if ( $via =~ m{ ^ [0-9,]+ $ }x ) {
for my $eva ( split( qr{,}, $via ) ) {
if ( my $stop = first { $_->loc->eva == $eva } $journey->route ) {
return $stop;
}
}
return;
}
if ( my $stop = first { $_->loc->name =~ m{$via}io } $journey->route ) {
return $stop;
}
return;
}
sub display_result {
my (@lines) = @_;
my @line_length;
if ( not @lines ) {
die("Nothing to show\n");
}
for my $i ( 0 .. 4 ) {
$line_length[$i] = max map { length( $_->[$i] ) } @lines;
}
for my $line (@lines) {
my $d = $line->[6];
my $first_message = 1;
for my $msg ( $d->messages ) {
if ( $msg->ref_count == 0 ) {
if ($first_message) {
print "\n";
$first_message = 0;
}
if ( $msg->short ) {
printf( "# %s\n", $msg->short );
}
printf( "# %s\n", $msg->text );
}
}
printf(
join( q{ }, ( map { "%-${_}s" } @line_length ) ),
@{$line}[ 0 .. 4 ]
);
if ( $line->[5] ) {
print q{ } . $line->[5];
}
print "\n";
}
return;
}
sub display_occupancy {
my ($occupancy) = @_;
if ( not $occupancy ) {
return q{ };
}
if ( $occupancy == 1 ) {
return q{.};
}
if ( $occupancy == 2 ) {
return q{o};
}
if ( $occupancy == 3 ) {
return q{*};
}
if ( $occupancy == 4 ) {
return q{!};
}
return q{?};
}
sub format_delay {
my ( $delay, $len ) = @_;
if ( $delay and $len ) {
return sprintf( "(%+${len}d)", $delay );
}
return q{};
}
if ( my $err = $status->errstr ) {
say STDERR "Request error: ${err}";
if ( $status->errcode
and ( $status->errcode eq 'H730' or $status->errcode eq 'LOCATION' )
and not $raw_json_output )
{
show_similar_stops();
}
exit 2;
}
if ($raw_json_output) {
say JSON->new->convert_blessed->encode( $status->{raw_json} );
exit 0;
}
if ($json_output) {
if ( $opt{journey} ) {
say JSON->new->convert_blessed->encode( $status->result );
}
else {
say JSON->new->convert_blessed->encode( [ $status->results ] );
}
exit 0;
}
if ( $opt{journeyMatch} ) {
if ( scalar $status->results == 1 ) {
my ($journey) = $status->results;
$opt{journey} = { id => $journey->id };
delete $opt{journeyMatch};
$status = Travel::Status::DE::HAFAS->new(%opt);
if ( my $err = $status->errstr ) {
say STDERR "Request error: ${err}";
if (
$status->errcode
and
( $status->errcode eq 'H730' or $status->errcode eq 'LOCATION' )
and not $raw_json_output
)
{
show_similar_stops();
}
exit 2;
}
}
else {
for my $result ( $status->results ) {
my $start = ( $result->route )[0];
my $end = ( $result->route )[-1];
say $result->id =~ s{ }{}gr;
print $result->name;
if ( $result->number ) {
printf( " | Nr %s", $result->number );
}
if ( $result->line_no ) {
printf( " | Linie %s", $result->line_no );
}
say q{};
printf( "%s ab %s\n",
$start->dep->strftime('%H:%M'),
$start->loc->name );
printf( "%s an %s\n\n",
$end->arr->strftime('%H:%M'),
$end->loc->name );
}
exit 0;
}
}
if ( $opt{geoSearch} ) {
for my $result ( $status->results ) {
printf(
"%5.1f km %8d %s\n",
$result->distance_m * 1e-3,
$result->eva, $result->name
);
}
}
elsif ( $opt{locationSearch} ) {
for my $result ( $status->results ) {
printf( "%8d %s\n", $result->eva, $result->name );
}
}
elsif ( $opt{journey} ) {
my $result = $status->result;
my @prods;
my @directions;
my $prev_prod = 0;
printf( "%s → %s", $result->name, $result->route_end );
if ( $result->number ) {
printf( " / Nr %s", $result->number );
}
if ( $result->line_no ) {
printf( " / Linie %s", $result->line_no );
}
if ( $result->route ) {
printf( "\nFahrt %s am %s\n",
$result->id,
( $result->route )[0]->sched_dep->strftime('%d.%m.%Y') );
}
else {
printf( "\nFahrt %s\n", $result->id );
}
my $delay_len = 0;
my $delay_fmt = 0;
my $occupancy_len = 0;
my $stop_len = 0;
for my $stop ( $result->route ) {
if ( $stop->delay ) {
$delay_len = max( $delay_len, length( $stop->delay ) + 1 );
}
if ( $stop->load and ( $stop->load->{FIRST} or $stop->load->{SECOND} ) )
{
$occupancy_len = 2;
}
if ( length( $stop->loc->name ) > $stop_len ) {
$stop_len = length( $stop->loc->name );
}
my $prod = $stop->prod_dep // $stop->prod_arr;
if ( $prod and $prod != $prev_prod ) {
push( @prods, $prod );
$prev_prod = $prod;
}
if ( $stop->direction ) {
push( @directions, $stop->direction );
}
}
if ($delay_len) {
$delay_fmt = $delay_len + 3;
}
if ( $result->operators ) {
printf( "Betrieb: %s\n", join( q{, }, $result->operators ) );
}
$prev_prod = 0;
my $desc = Travel::Status::DE::HAFAS::get_service($service) // {};
my $now
= DateTime->now( time_zone => $desc->{time_zone} // 'Europe/Berlin' );
my $mark_stop = 0;
for my $i ( reverse 1 .. ( scalar $result->route // 0 ) ) {
my $stop = ( $result->route )[ $i - 1 ];
if ( not $stop->dep_cancelled and $stop->dep and $now <= $stop->dep ) {
$mark_stop = $stop;
}
elsif ( not $stop->arr_cancelled and $stop->arr and $now <= $stop->arr )
{
$mark_stop = $stop;
}
}
my $message_id = 1;
print "\n";
if ( not $result->route ) {
say 'Route unknown: this backend does not provide intermediate stops';
}
for my $stop ( $result->route ) {
my $msg_line = q{};
for my $message ( $stop->messages ) {
if ( $message->ref_count > 0
and $message->code ne
'text.journeystop.product.or.direction.changes.stop.message'
and $message->text ne 'Halt entfällt' )
{
if ( not $message->{id} ) {
$message->{id} = $message_id++;
}
$msg_line .= sprintf( ' (%d)', $message->{id} );
}
}
my $prod_line = q{};
if ( @prods > 1 ) {
my $prod = $stop->prod_dep // $stop->prod_arr;
if ( $prod and $prod != $prev_prod ) {
$prod_line
= sprintf( " %s (%s)", $prod->name, $prod->operator );
$prev_prod = $prod;
}
}
my $dir_line = q{};
if ( @directions > 1 and $stop->direction ) {
$dir_line = ' → ' . $stop->direction;
}
my $tz_line = q{};
if ( $stop->tz_offset and ( $stop->arr or $stop->dep ) ) {
$tz_line = ( $prod_line or $dir_line ) ? q{ · } : q{ };
$tz_line .= 'local ';
if ( $stop->arr ) {
$tz_line
.= $stop->arr->clone->add( minutes => $stop->tz_offset )
->strftime('%H:%M');
}
if ( $stop->arr and $stop->dep ) {
$tz_line .= ' → ';
}
if ( $stop->dep ) {
$tz_line
.= $stop->dep->clone->add( minutes => $stop->tz_offset )
->strftime('%H:%M');
}
$tz_line .= q{ };
}
printf(
"%s%5s %s %5s %-${delay_fmt}s%${occupancy_len}s%-${occupancy_len}s %s%s%s%s%s%s%s\n",
$stop == $mark_stop ? $output_bold : q{},
$stop->arr_cancelled ? '--:--'
: ( $stop->arr ? $stop->arr->strftime('%H:%M') : q{} ),
( $stop->arr and $stop->dep ) ? '→' : q{ },
$stop->dep_cancelled ? '--:--'
: ( $stop->dep ? $stop->dep->strftime('%H:%M') : q{} ),
format_delay( $stop->delay, $delay_len ),
$stop->load->{FIRST} ? display_occupancy( $stop->load->{FIRST} )
: q{},
$stop->load->{SECOND} ? display_occupancy( $stop->load->{SECOND} )
: q{},
$stop->loc->name,
$stop == $mark_stop ? $output_reset : q{},
( $tz_line or $prod_line or $dir_line or $msg_line )
? spacer( $stop_len + 1 - length( $stop->loc->name ) )
: q{},
$prod_line,
$dir_line,
$tz_line,
$msg_line,
);
}
for my $msg ( $result->messages ) {
if ( $msg->code eq
'text.journeystop.product.or.direction.changes.journey.message' )
{
next;
}
say '';
if ( $msg->short ) {
printf( "%s\n", $msg->short );
}
printf( "%s\n", $msg->text );
}
for my $msg ( $status->messages ) {
if ( $msg->{id} ) {
say '';
if ( $msg->short ) {
printf( "(%d) %s\n", $msg->{id}, $msg->short );
}
printf( "(%d) %s\n", $msg->{id}, $msg->text );
}
}
}
else {
my @results = map { $_->[1] }
sort { $a->[0] <=> $b->[0] }
map { [ $_->datetime->epoch, $_ ] } $status->results;
if ($via) {
@results = grep { journey_has_via( $_, $via ) } @results;
}
my $delay_len = 0;
my $occupancy_len = 0;
my $offset_len = 0;
for my $d (@results) {
if ( $d->delay ) {
$delay_len = max( $delay_len, length( $d->delay ) + 1 );
}
if ( $d->load and ( $d->load->{FIRST} or $d->load->{SECOND} ) ) {
$occupancy_len = 2;
}
if ( $d->tz_offset ) {
$offset_len = 1;
}
}
my $message_id = 1;
for my $m ( $status->messages ) {
if ( $m->ref_count > 0 ) {
$m->{id} = $message_id++;
}
}
for my $d (@results) {
my $info_line = q{};
for my $message ( $d->messages ) {
if ( $message->ref_count > 0 ) {
$message->{show} = 1;
$info_line = sprintf( '(%d) %s', $message->{id}, $info_line );
}
}
if ( $d->load ) {
$info_line
= display_occupancy( $d->load->{FIRST} )
. display_occupancy( $d->load->{SECOND} ) . ' '
. $info_line;
}
if ($show_jid) {
$info_line = $d->id =~ s{ }{}gr . ' ' . $info_line;
}
my $entry = [
( $d->is_cancelled ? '--:--' : $d->datetime->strftime('%H:%M') )
. ( $d->tz_offset ? q{*} : ( q{ } x $offset_len ) ),
$d->is_cancelled
? q{}
: format_delay( $d->delay, $delay_len ),
$d->name,
$d->route_end // q{???},
( $d->platform // q{} ) . ( $d->is_changed_platform ? ' !' : q{} ),
$info_line,
$d
];
if ($via) {
my $stop = journey_has_via( $d, $via );
# HAFAS does not provide real-time data for route entries, so we have to guesstimate the arrival time
$entry->[0] .= ' → '
. (
$stop->arr_cancelled
? '--:--'
: $stop->arr->clone->add( minutes => $d->delay // 0 )
->strftime('%H:%M')
);
}
push( @output, $entry, );
}
display_result(@output);
if ($offset_len) {
printf( "\n* reported for %s; local time differs\n",
$status->get_active_service->{time_zone} // 'Europe/Berlin' );
}
for my $m ( $status->messages ) {
if ( $m->ref_count > 0 and $m->{show} ) {
if ( $m->short and $m->text ) {
printf( "\n# (%d) %s\n# %s\n", $m->{id}, $m->short, $m->text );
}
elsif ( $m->short or $m->text ) {
printf( "\n# (%d) %s\n", $m->{id}, $m->text || $m->short );
}
}
}
}
__END__
=head1 NAME
hafas-m - Interface to the DeutscheBahn/HAFAS online departure monitor
=head1 SYNOPSIS
B<hafas-m> [B<-a>] [B<-d> I<date>] [B<-t> I<time>] [B<-m> I<motlist>]
[B<-v> I<via>] [B<-s> I<service>] [B<-l> I<language>] I<station>
B<hafas-m> [B<-s> I<service>] B<?>I<query>|I<lat>B<:>I<lon>
B<hafas-m> [B<-s> I<service>] [B<-l> I<language>] B<!>I<query>|I<journeyID>
=head1 VERSION
version 6.15
=head1 DESCRIPTION
hafas-m is an interface to HAFAS public transport services such as the one
operated by Deutsche Bahn.
It can serve as an arrival/departure monitor, request details about a specific
trip/journey, and look up public transport stops by name or geolocation.
The operating mode depends on the contents of its non-option argument.
=head2 Arrival/Departure Monitor (I<station>)
Show departures (or arrivals) at I<station>, optionally filtered by mode of
transport. I<station> may be given as a station name or HAFAS station ID.
For each train, B<hafas-m> shows
=over
=item * estimated departure (or arrival) time,
=item * delay, if known,
=item * trip name, number, or line,
=item * direction / destination,
=item * platform, if known (B<!> indicates a platform change), and
=item * expected occupancy of first and second class, if known.
=back
Times are always given in the selected service's default time zone (see
B<--list>). Times that differ from the queried stop's local time are marked
with C<< * >>. Occupancy indicators are, from least occupied to fully booked:
B<.> B<o> B<*> B<!>.
=head2 Location Search (B<?>I<query>|I<lat>B<:>I<lon>)
List stations that match I<query> or that are located in the vicinity of
I<lat>B<:>I<lon> geocoordinates with EVA ID and name.
=head2 Trip Search (B<!>I<query>)
Show trip details (see below) for the train number provided in I<query>
(e.g. "ICE 205" or "S 31111") if it resolves into a single journey ID.
Otherwise, list all journey IDs that match I<query>.
=head2 Trip Details (I<journeyID>)
List intermediate stops of I<journeyID> (as given by arrival/departure monitor
mode when invoked with B<-j>, B<--with-jid>) with arrival/departure time, delay
(if available), occupancy (if available), and stop name. Also includes
line/journey, operator, and heading information.
Times are reported in the selected HAFAS service's default time zone (typically
Europe/Berlin). If a stop's local time differs, it is also provided.
=head1 OPTIONS
Values in brackets indicate options that only apply to the corresponding
operating mode(s).
=over
=item B<-a>, B<--arrivals> (monitor)
Show arrivals instead of departures, including trains ending at the specified
station. Note that this causes the output to display the start instead of
the end station.
=item B<-d>, B<--date> I<dd>.I<mm>.[I<yyyy>]
Request date. Default: today.
=item B<-j>, B<--with-jid> (monitor)
Show journey IDs in arrival/departure board. These can be used to obtain
details on individual journeys with subsequent B<hafas-m> invocations.
=item B<--json>
Print result(s) as JSON and exit. This is a dump of internal data structures
and not guaranteed to remain stable between minor versions. Please use the
Travel::Status::DE::HAFAS(3pm) module if you need a proper API.
=item B<-l>, B<--language> I<language>
Request free-text messages to be provided in I<language>.
See B<--list> for a list of languages supported by individual HAFAS instances.
Note that requesting an invalid/unsupported language may lead to garbage output.
=item B<--list>
List known HAFAS instances and exit. Use B<-s>|B<--service> to select a
service from this list for a HAFAS request.
=item B<-m>, B<--mot> I<motlist> (monitor)
By default, B<hafas-m> shows all modes of transport arriving/departing at the
specified station. With I<motlist>, it is possible to either exclude a list of
modes, or exclusively show only a select list of modes.
To exclude modes, set I<motlist> to B<!>I<mot1>,B<!>I<mot2>,...
To show them exclusively, set I<motlist> to I<mot1>,I<mot2>,...
The I<mot> types depend on the used service. Use C<< -m help >> to list them.
=item B<-n>, B<--num-results> I<count> (monitor)
Request up to I<count> results. Default: 30.
=item B<--no-cache>
If the Cache::File module is available, server replies are cached in
F<~/.cache/Travel-Status-DE-HAFAS> (or a path relative to C<$XDG_CACHE_HOME>,
if set) for 90 seconds. Use this option to disable caching. You can also use
B<--cache> to re-enable it.
=item B<--raw-json>
Print unprocessed HAFAS response as JSON and exit.
Useful for debugging and development purposes.
=item B<-s>, B<--service> I<service>
Request arrivals/departures using the API provided by I<service>, defaults
to DB (Deutsche Bahn). See B<--list> for a list of known services.
=item B<-t>, B<--time> I<hh>:I<mm> (monitor)
Request time. Must be specified in the selected HAFAS service's default time
zone, see B<--list>. Default: now.
=item B<-v>, B<--via> I<stopname>|I<eva1>,I<eva2>,... (monitor)
Only show departures that pass by I<stopname> (or arivals that have passed by
I<stopname>). If I<stopname> is given as a list of numeric EVA IDs, only
arrivals/departures with an exact EVA ID match are shown. Otherwise I<stopname>
is treated as a regular expression and matched against stop names.
=item B<-V>, B<--version>
Show version information and exit.
=back
=head1 EXIT STATUS
0 upon success, 1 upon internal error, 2 upon backend error.
=head1 CONFIGURATION
None.
=head1 DEPENDENCIES
=over
=item * Class::Accessor(3pm)
=item * LWP::UserAgent(3pm)
=back
=head1 BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
=over
=item * The non-default services (anything other than DB) are not well-tested.
Unlike DB, many of those do not return routes for stationboard entries.
=item * HAFAS does not provide real-time data for routes of stationboard
entries. Hence, B<--via> estimates the arrival time from scheduled
departure and departure delay
=back
=head1 AUTHOR
Copyright (C) 2015-2023 by Birte Kristina Friesel E<lt>derf@finalrewind.orgE<gt>
=head1 LICENSE
This program is licensed under the same terms as Perl itself.
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